Royalty · Politics · 1600–1649
Born: 19 November 1600 · Died: 30 January 1649 · Age at death: 48
Charles I of England died aged 48. He was born on 19 November 1600 and died on 30 January 1649.
Stuart king whose clashes with Parliament led to the English Civil War and his execution in 1649
Did you know?He was a passionate art collector and acquired one of the most significant royal collections in European history.
Charles I is the only English king to have been executed. A shy child with a stammer, he became king in 1625. He believed firmly that kings rule by divine right. He clashed with Parliament over money, religion and power, and ruled without it for 11 years. In 1642 the quarrel became civil war. Defeated by Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army, he was tried for treason. On a cold day in January 1649, he was beheaded outside the Banqueting House in Whitehall.
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland.
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Profile
King of England, 1600–1649
Charles I was born at Dunfermline Palace on 19 November 1600.
He became king in 1625.
The Civil War began in 1642.
He was executed on 30 January 1649.
Career highlights
Did you know?He wore two shirts at his execution so he would not shiver.
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Last reviewed: October 2026