Science · Philosophy · 1858–1947

Max Planck — Age, Birthday & Biography

Born: 23 April 1858 · Died: 4 October 1947 · Age: 89

German physicist who discovered that energy comes in quanta, founding quantum theory and winning the Nobel Prize in Physics

Did you know?He was a gifted musician who composed songs and operas, once considering a career in music before choosing to study physics.

Quick facts

  • Date of birth23 April 1858
  • Date of death4 October 1947
  • Age at death89
  • Cause of deathMyocardial infarction
  • NationalityGerman
  • BirthplaceKiel, Germany
  • Occupationtheoretical physicist, university teacher, physicist

Editor's Take:

Max Planck started the quantum revolution almost reluctantly. In 1900, trying to explain the light given off by hot objects, he proposed that energy is released in tiny, fixed packets, which he called quanta. He saw this at first as a mathematical trick, yet it became the foundation of quantum physics. The number at the heart of his idea, Planck's constant, is now used to define the kilogram itself. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918, and Germany's leading network of research institutes is named after him.

Key Milestones

  1. 1889: Becomes professor in Berlin
  2. 1900: Presents his quantum hypothesis
  3. 1918: Wins the Nobel Prize in Physics
  4. 1930: Becomes president of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society

Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (German:; 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

Profile

Max Planck: Father of Quantum Theory

German physicist, born 1858

Max Planck was born in Kiel on 23 April 1858.

He introduced the quantum in 1900.

He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.

The Planck constant is named after him.

Career highlights

  1. 1889Berlin: professor
  2. 1900Quantum: theory presented
  3. 1918Nobel Prize: Physics
  4. 1930Kaiser Wilhelm Society: president
  5. 1945Son: executed by Nazis

Did you know?Germany's leading research society is named after him.

Age at death
89
Years since death
79

Explore Max Planck's birthday

Questions people ask

Frequently asked questions

When is Max Planck's birthday?
Max Planck's birthday is April 23. He was born on April 23, 1858 in Kiel, Germany.
How old was Max Planck when he died?
Max Planck died on October 4, 1947, aged 89.
Who shares a birthday with Max Planck?
Famous people who share Max Planck's April 23 birthday include William Shakespeare, James Buchanan, Halldór Laxness, John Cena and Shirley Temple.

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Reviewed by the Who Shares My Birthday editorial team.

Last reviewed: October 2026